{"id":2627,"date":"2021-03-31T18:03:23","date_gmt":"2021-03-31T18:03:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sfdumitru.org\/?p=2627"},"modified":"2024-03-11T17:56:01","modified_gmt":"2024-03-11T17:56:01","slug":"christian-culture-iii-iv-2021","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sfdumitru.org\/ro\/2021\/03\/christian-culture-iii-iv-2021\/","title":{"rendered":"Etica memoriei"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"2627\" class=\"elementor elementor-2627\" data-elementor-settings=\"[]\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-section-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b3ed4c3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b3ed4c3\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-02a1d99\" data-id=\"02a1d99\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5e91d7d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5e91d7d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-2595 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/sfdumitru.org\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/march2021_img-6.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"360\" height=\"194\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sfdumitru.org\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/march2021_img-6.jpg 360w, https:\/\/sfdumitru.org\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/march2021_img-6-300x162.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sfdumitru.org\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/march2021_img-6-16x9.jpg 16w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 360px) 100vw, 360px\" \/>Cu ceva vreme \u00een urm\u0103 s-a desf\u0103\u0219urat la M\u0103n\u0103stirea Putna, \u00eentr-un cadru select, un simpozion cu tema \u201eEtica memoriei\u201d. Tema mi s-a p\u0103rut, ini\u0163ial, una la \u00eendem\u00een\u0103. Cuno\u0219team \u0219i cunosc \u00eenc\u0103 oameni care se situeaz\u0103 de partea memoriei integre, integrale, nepervertite. Cu o parte am fost \u00een rela\u0163ie direct\u0103, pe al\u0163ii i-am citit cu admira\u0163ie, le-am cunoscut pove\u0219tile. Exist\u0103 pentru majoritatea indivizilor maturi din societatea noastr\u0103 simptomul \u201ememoriei ultragiate\u201d. Istoria recent\u0103 a fost, f\u0103r\u0103 \u00eendoial\u0103, o prob\u0103 de manipulare a memoriei, de falsificare a acesteia, a fost locul unui abuz continuu. M\u0103 \u00eentreb, \u00eens\u0103, dac\u0103 un t\u00een\u0103r de pe strad\u0103, n\u0103scut dup\u0103 c\u0103derea lag\u0103rului comunist, mai are aceea\u0219i \u00een\u0163elegere pentru apropierea celor doi termeni: etic\u0103 \u0219i memorie? Etica e, \u00eentr-o accep\u0163ie mai general\u0103, \u0219tiin\u0163a realit\u0103\u0163ii morale, ea se ocup\u0103 cu cercetarea problemelor de ordin moral, \u00eencerc\u00eend s\u0103 livreze r\u0103spunsuri la \u00eentreb\u0103ri precum: ce este binele\/r\u0103ul? cum trebuie s\u0103 ne comport\u0103m? Intrarea \u00eentr-un concert de \u0163\u0103ri, \u00eentr-o Europ\u0103 mare, \u0163ine de firescul evolu\u0163iei istoriei. Numai c\u0103 pare s\u0103 existe un pre\u0163 al acestei alinieri: renun\u0163area la propria memorie, asumarea unei memorii colective, aneantizarea culturilor mici care devin am\u0103nunte \u00eentr-un concept care ac\u0163ioneaz\u0103 ca un creuzet. \u00cen final, va c\u00ee\u0219tiga cel care \u00ee\u0219i va impune propria memorie, propriul adev\u0103r. Pentru c\u0103 memoria, \u00eentr-o accep\u0163ie mai larg\u0103 este \u0219i o chestiune de adev\u0103r. Dar t\u00een\u0103rul, pomenit mai sus, n\u0103scut \u00eentr-o perioad\u0103 de aglutinare a civiliza\u0163iilor, mai distinge \u00een corul de \u201evoci ale memoriei colective\u201d gena sa istoric\u0103? Mai are vreo motiva\u0163ie ca s\u0103 fac\u0103 aceast\u0103 distinc\u0163ie?<\/p><p>Un mare g\u00e2nditor al vremurilor noastre, Tzvetan Todorov, \u00eentr-un excelent eseu, \u201eAbuzurile memoriei\u201d, spune c\u00eeteva lucruri de net\u0103g\u0103duit: \u201eMemoria \u00eenseamn\u0103 neap\u0103rat selec\u0163ie. A p\u0103stra f\u0103r\u0103 a selecta nu reprezint\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103 o chestiune de memorie. Ceea ce repro\u0219\u0103m c\u0103l\u0103ilor hitleri\u0219ti \u0219i stalini\u0219ti nu e faptul c\u0103 re\u0163in unele elemente din trecut \u0219i nu pe toate \u2013 nici noi \u00een\u0219ine nu am proceda altfel \u2013 ci faptul c\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i arog\u0103 dreptul de a controla ce elemente se re\u0163in. Nici o instan\u0163\u0103 superioar\u0103 din stat nu ar trebui s\u0103 poat\u0103 spune: nu ave\u0163i dreptul s\u0103 c\u0103uta\u0163i singuri adev\u0103rul lucrurilor, cei care nu accept\u0103 versiunea oficial\u0103 a trecutului vor fi pedepsi\u0163i. Este pus\u0103 \u00een joc defini\u0163ia \u00eens\u0103\u0219i a vie\u0163ii \u00een democra\u0163ie: indivizii, ca \u0219i grupurile, au dreptul de a \u0219ti, deci \u0219i de a-\u0219i cunoa\u0219te \u0219i de a-\u0219i face cunoscut\u0103 propria istorie; nu puterea central\u0103 trebuie s\u0103 le-o interzic\u0103 sau s\u0103 le-o permit\u0103. Nu e rolul legii s\u0103 scrie istoria, ajunge s\u0103 condamne calomnia sau incitarea la ur\u0103 rasial\u0103.\u201d<\/p><figure id=\"attachment_2596\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2596\" style=\"width: 256px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2596 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/sfdumitru.org\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/march2021_img-7.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"256\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sfdumitru.org\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/march2021_img-7.jpg 256w, https:\/\/sfdumitru.org\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/march2021_img-7-213x300.jpg 213w, https:\/\/sfdumitru.org\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/march2021_img-7-9x12.jpg 9w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 256px) 100vw, 256px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2596\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Virgil Ierunca<\/figcaption><\/figure><p class=\" translation-block\">La prima venire \u00een Bucure\u0219ti, \u00een 1991, la sf\u00eer\u0219itul unei lans\u0103ri de carte, Virgil Ierunca spunea un lucru care atunci p\u0103rea f\u0103r\u0103 sens pentru noi: \u201eCare este ast\u0103zi lucrul cel mai urgent? Care este aici \u0219i acum lucrul cel mai urgent? S\u0103 nu uit\u0103m. S\u0103 nu uit\u0103m \u00eempreun\u0103\u2026!\u201d. \u0218i aici putem aduce \u00een discu\u0163ie ceva din \u00een\u0163elepciunea scrierilor din Pateric, unde se spune: \u201eExist\u0103 un mare p\u0103cat, acela de a nu uita; exist\u0103 \u00eens\u0103 un \u0219i mai mare p\u0103cat, acela de a uita\u201d.<\/p><p>O fiin\u0163\u0103 acultural\u0103 este acela care nu \u0219i-a \u00eensu\u0219it niciodat\u0103 cultura str\u0103mo\u0219ilor sau care a uitat-o sau a pierdut-o. Ce se va \u00eent\u00eempla cu t\u00een\u0103rul pomenit mai \u00eenainte, care a deschis ochii \u00een miezul unei culturi eclectice, \u00een care prezentul este media dintre trecut \u0219i viitor? Mai este el responsabil fa\u0163\u0103 de cultura na\u0163iei din r\u00eendul c\u0103reia provine? Nu s-a schimbat paradigma social\u0103, uman\u0103, moral\u0103 chiar prin schimbarea contextelor? Se \u0219tie \u00eens\u0103 c\u0103 memoria este necru\u0163\u0103toare cu cei care nu iau \u00een seam\u0103 for\u0163a r\u0103ului din istorie de a reveni.<\/p><p>Avem, \u00eens\u0103, la \u00eendem\u00een\u0103, ca na\u0163iune, ca societate, un reper extraordinar care poate da sens memoriei imediate, care poate valoriza etic istoria recent\u0103. Este vorba de Memorialul Victimelor Comunismului \u0219i al Rezisten\u0163ei, de la Sighetul Marma\u021biei, realizat \u0219i administrat de Funda\u0163ia Academia Civic\u0103, la ini\u021biativa scriitorilor Ana Blandiana \u0219i Romulus Rusan. \u00cen 1998 Consiliul Europei a\u0219eza Memorialul de la Sighet printre principalele locuri de p\u0103strare a memoriei continentului, al\u0103turi de Memorialul de la Auschwitz \u0219i Memorialul P\u0103cii din Normandia. \u00cen documentele \u0219i textele care au concurat la crearea cadrului de idei \u0219i principii al Memorialului se specific\u0103: \u201eCea mai mare victorie a comunismului - o victorie relevat\u0103 dramatic abia dup\u0103 1989 \u2013 a fost crearea omului f\u0103r\u0103 memorie, a omului nou cu creierul sp\u0103lat, care nu trebuie s\u0103-\u0219i aminteasc\u0103 nici ce a fost, nici ce a avut, nici ce a f\u0103cut \u00eenainte de comunism.\u201d Realizarea Memorialului Victimelor Comunismului \u0219i al Rezisten\u0163ei este o form\u0103 de contracarare a acestei victorii, un mijloc de resuscitare a memoriei colective. Format din Muzeul de la Sighet \u0219i din Centrul Interna\u0163ional de Studii asupra Comunismului, cu sediul \u00een Bucure\u0219ti, precum \u0219i organizator al \u0218colii de Var\u0103, Memorialul este o institu\u0163ie a Memoriei, unic\u0103 \u00een felul ei prin faptul c\u0103 este \u00een acela\u0219i timp institut de cercetare, de muzeografie \u0219i de \u00eenv\u0103\u0163\u0103m\u00e2nt.\u201d La \u00eentrebarea \u201ePoate fi re\u00eenv\u0103\u0163at\u0103 memoria?\u201d, Memorialul Victimelor Comunismului \u0219i al Rezisten\u0163ei din Rom\u00e2nia este un conving\u0103tor r\u0103spuns afirmativ. Pentru c\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 memorie \u0219i implicit, f\u0103r\u0103 istorie, orice \u201eproiect de \u0163ar\u0103\u201d este o schi\u0163\u0103 politicianist\u0103 creionat\u0103 pe genunchi, ipocrit\u0103, f\u0103r\u0103 nicio valoare.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em>Adrian Alui Gheorghe<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Some time ago, a symposium on \u201cThe Ethics of Memory\u201d was held at Putna Monastery, in an exclusive setting. The topic seemed handy to me at first. I knew and still know people who are on the side of integral, upstanding, non-perverted memory. With some I had a direct relationship; others I read admiringly\u2014I knew [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[36],"tags":[33],"class_list":["post-2627","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-icon-from-within-mar-apr-21","tag-christian-culture","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sfdumitru.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2627","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sfdumitru.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sfdumitru.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sfdumitru.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sfdumitru.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2627"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/sfdumitru.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2627\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2941,"href":"https:\/\/sfdumitru.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2627\/revisions\/2941"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sfdumitru.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2627"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sfdumitru.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2627"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sfdumitru.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2627"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}