{"id":1532,"date":"2021-01-31T18:04:43","date_gmt":"2021-01-31T18:04:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sfdumitru.org\/?p=1532"},"modified":"2024-03-11T17:56:29","modified_gmt":"2024-03-11T17:56:29","slug":"holy-fathers-i-2021","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sfdumitru.org\/ro\/2021\/01\/holy-fathers-i-2021\/","title":{"rendered":"Sf\u00e2ntul Grigorie Teologul (330-390)"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\"\"<\/p>

Sf\u00e2ntul Grigorie Teologul s-a n\u0103scut \u00een anul 330, \u00een cetatea Nazianz, parte a Capadociei. P\u0103rin\u021bii s\u0103i, Nona \u0219i Grigorie erau de neam bun \u0219i credincio\u0219i, mama sa av\u00e2nd \u00eenc\u0103 de la \u00eenceput dreapta credin\u021b\u0103, iar tat\u0103l s\u0103u convertindu-se ulterior \u0219i devenind episcop al Nazianzului.<\/p>

Iubitor de carte, merge \u00een ora\u0219e precum, Cezareea Capadociei, Palestina \u0219i Alexandria, pentru a-\u0219i des\u0103v\u00e2r\u0219i \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103tura. \u00cen Atena \u00eel \u00eent\u00e2lne\u0219te pe cel de care \u00eel va lega o prietenie deosebit\u0103, pe Sf\u00e2ntul Vasile cel Mare, al\u0103turi de care se va \u00eenso\u021bi \u00een lucrarea virtu\u021bilor. Str\u0103duindu-se \u00eempotriva arianismului, \u00een ciuda dorin\u021bei sale pentru pustie, este nevoit s\u0103 accepte preo\u021bia \u0219i conducerea episcopiei din Sasima. Mai t\u00e2rziu, devine \u0219i episcop al Constantinopolului.<\/p>

Denumirea de Teologul (Cuv\u00e2nt\u0103torul de Dumnezeu), a primit-o ulterior din partea Bisericii, datorit\u0103 vastei sale opere scriitorice\u0219ti ce cuprinde cuv\u00e2nt\u0103ri, scrisori \u0219i poeme, \u0219i \u00een special datorit\u0103 celor \u201eCinci Cuv\u00e2nt\u0103ri Teologice\u201d \u021binute la Constantinopol, care expun \u0219i ap\u0103r\u0103 \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103tura despre Sf\u00e2nta Treime.<\/p>

Ampla sa oper\u0103 poetic\u0103 \u00eemplete\u0219te teologia \u00eenalt\u0103 cu sensibilitatea sufletului s\u0103u \u0219i a fost elaborat\u0103 spre sf\u00e2r\u0219itul vie\u021bii. Scopul poemelor era acela de a \u00eent\u0103ri \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103tura cre\u0219tin\u0103 prezentat\u0103 \u00eentr-o form\u0103 artistic\u0103 \u0219i de a combate ereziile. Sf\u00e2ntul Grigorie a scris aproximativ 20.000 de versuri, clasate \u00een poeme teologice dogmatice \u0219i morale \u0219i \u00een poeme istorice. Poemele istorice cuprind o serie de poezii autobiografice, cele mai multe fiind scurte epigrame \u0219i epitafe.<\/p>

Sf\u00e2ntul Grigorie a trecut la Domnul pe data de 25 ianuarie \u00een Nazianz, urm\u00e2nd ca mai t\u00e2rziu, \u00cemp\u0103ratul Constantin VII Porfirogenetul (913-959) s\u0103 mute moa\u0219tele sale \u00een biserica Sfin\u021bii Apostoli, din Constantinopol. Prezent\u0103m c\u00e2teva poeme de ale sale.<\/p>

C\u0103tre Hristos<\/strong><\/p>

Ce tiranie e aceasta? Am venit \u00een via\u021b\u0103. Bine. Dar atunci de ce m\u0103 r\u0103suce\u0219te cu valurile ei uria\u0219e? Voi spune un cuv\u00e2nt \u00eendr\u0103zne\u021b, dar totu\u0219i \u00eel voi spune: Dac\u0103 n-a\u0219 fi al T\u0103u, mi s-ar fi f\u0103cut o nedreptate. Ne na\u0219tem, ne destr\u0103m\u0103m, ne \u00eemplinim; dorm, stau culcat, priveghez, merg; suntem bolnavi, ne este bine, avem pl\u0103ceri \u0219i dureri. Avem parte de anotimpurile soarelui, de cele ale p\u0103m\u00e2ntului, murim \u0219i trupul ne putreze\u0219te. Acestea sunt proprii \u0219i animalelor, care au faim\u0103 proast\u0103, dar n-au nici o vin\u0103. Ce am mai mult de ele? Nimic dec\u00e2t Dumnezeu. Dac\u0103 n-a\u0219 fi al T\u0103u, mi s-ar face o nedreptate, Hristoase al meu!<\/em><\/p>

C\u0103tre sine \u00eensu\u0219i<\/strong><\/p>

Unii cinstesc aurul, al\u021bii argintul, iar al\u021bii o mas\u0103 gras\u0103, juc\u0103rii ale vie\u021bii acesteia. Al\u021bii frumoasele \u021bes\u0103turi de m\u0103tase, al\u021bii c\u00e2mpurile pline de spice, iar al\u021bii staulele cu dobitoace. Pentru mine \u00eens\u0103 bog\u0103\u021bia mare e Hristos, pe Care fie s\u0103-L v\u0103d c\u00e2ndva curat cu mintea goal\u0103, iar celelalte s\u0103 le aib\u0103 lumea.<\/p>

Despre dorin\u021ba de Dumnezeu<\/strong><\/p>

\"\"Maica mea, de ce m-ai n\u0103scut, de ce m-ai n\u0103scut plin de multe dureri? De ce m-ai dat acestei vie\u021bi purt\u0103toare de spini? Dac\u0103 ai fi str\u0103b\u0103tut-o f\u0103r\u0103 griji, ca unul f\u0103r\u0103 de trup, atunci e mare minune. Iar dac\u0103 ai fost supus\u0103 lor, atunci nu m-ai n\u0103scut iubindu-m\u0103. Orice om str\u0103bate \u00een via\u021b\u0103 o alt\u0103 cale: unul taie brazdele c\u00e2mpului, altul br\u0103zdeaz\u0103 marea; unul e v\u00e2n\u0103tor, altul \u021bine \u00een m\u00e2na sa lance; unul se pricepe la c\u00e2ntat, altul c\u00e2\u0219tig\u0103 premii \u00een aren\u0103. Soarta mea e Dumnezeu, dureri multe \u0219i a fi istovit aici de o boal\u0103 ur\u00e2t\u0103. Mu\u0219c\u0103-m\u0103, mu\u0219c\u0103-m\u0103, necru\u021b\u0103toareo! C\u00e2t timp \u00eenc\u0103? Bucuros te voi l\u0103sa numaidec\u00e2t \u00eempreun\u0103 cu suferin\u021bele-\u021bi grele. Maica mea, de ce m-ai n\u0103scut, dac\u0103 nu pot s\u0103-L cunosc \u0219i s\u0103-L exprim pe Dumnezeu c\u00e2t doresc?<\/strong> O mic\u0103 str\u0103lucire a Treimii cere\u0219ti cu lumin\u0103 egal\u0103 mi-a \u00eenv\u0103luit ochiul min\u021bii, dar cea mai mare parte mi-a sc\u0103pat \u2013 \u0219i m\u0103 doare \u2013 ca un fulger care repede zboar\u0103 \u00eenainte de a m\u0103 fi putut s\u0103tura de lumina lui. Dar dac\u0103 a\u0219 ajunge acolo, iubit\u0103 Treime, n-a\u0219 mai face repro\u0219uri p\u00e2ntecului maicii mele. Am fost n\u0103scut pentru bine.<\/strong> Ci m\u00e2ntuie\u0219te-m\u0103, m\u00e2ntuie\u0219te-m\u0103, Cuvinte al lui Dumnezeu, \u0219i smulg\u00e2ndu-m\u0103 din noroiul amar, du-m\u0103 la o alt\u0103 via\u021b\u0103, unde mintea curat\u0103 nemaiascuns\u0103 de un nor \u00eentunecos, d\u0103n\u021buie\u0219te \u00een jurul T\u0103u Cel plin de str\u0103lucire!<\/p>

Epitaf despre sine \u00eensu\u0219i<\/strong><\/p>

\u00cent\u00e2i de toate, Dumnezeu m-a d\u0103ruit unei mame luminoase care s-a rugat pentru mine.
\n\u00cen al doilea r\u00e2nd, m-a primit din p\u00e2ntecul ei ca pe un dar pl\u0103cut.
\n\u00cen al treilea r\u00e2nd, o mas\u0103 [euharistic\u0103] neprih\u0103nit\u0103 m-a salvat c\u00e2nd muream.
\n\u00cen al patrulea r\u00e2nd, Cuv\u00e2ntul mi-a dat un cuv\u00e2nt cu dou\u0103 t\u0103i\u0219uri.
\n\u00cen al cincilea r\u00e2nd, fecioria m-a \u00eenv\u0103luit \u00een vise pl\u0103cute.
\n\u00cen al \u0219aselea r\u00e2nd, am purtat preo\u021bia \u00eentr-un g\u00e2nd cu Vasile.
\n\u00cen al \u0219aptelea r\u00e2nd, D\u0103t\u0103torul-de-via\u021b\u0103 m-a r\u0103pit din s\u00e2nul ad\u00e2ncurilor.
\n\u00cen al optulea r\u00e2nd, a cur\u0103\u021bit prin boal\u0103 m\u00e2inile mele.
\n\u00cen al nou\u0103lea r\u00e2nd, am introdus, o, \u00cemp\u0103rate, Treimea \u00een Roma cea t\u00e2n\u0103r\u0103.
\n\u00cen al zecelea r\u00e2nd, am fost lovit cu pietre de prieteni.<\/p>

Alt epitaf<\/strong><\/p>

\u00cengeri fulger\u0103tori care \u00eenconjura\u021bi \u00een cercuri infinite str\u0103lucirea egal\u0103 a Dumnezeirii Celei \u00een Trei Lumini, primi\u021bi pe Grigorie nevrednicul, dar totu\u0219i preot.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Saint Gregory the Theologian was born in 330 in the city of Nazianzus, in Cappadocia. His parents, Nonna and Gregory, were of good and faithful stock; his mother was a right believing Christian, and his father converted and was later ordained bishop of Nazianzus. A great lover of books, he was educated in cities such […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[32],"tags":[23],"class_list":["post-1532","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-icon-from-within-jan-21","tag-holy-fathers","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sfdumitru.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1532","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sfdumitru.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sfdumitru.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sfdumitru.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sfdumitru.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1532"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/sfdumitru.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1532\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1710,"href":"https:\/\/sfdumitru.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1532\/revisions\/1710"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sfdumitru.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1532"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sfdumitru.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1532"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sfdumitru.org\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1532"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}